What complication can arise from prolonged immobility?

Prolonged immobility can lead to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, typically in the legs. When a person remains immobile for an extended period, the normal circulation of blood is compromised. This is particularly problematic in the lower extremities, as the lack of movement reduces the muscular pumping action needed to facilitate venous blood return to the heart. Consequently, blood can pool in the veins, increasing the risk of clot formation.

DVT is a serious concern because a clot can dislodge and travel to the lungs, resulting in a pulmonary embolism, which can be life-threatening. Understanding the relationship between immobility and DVT emphasizes the importance of regular movement and circulation practices, such as leg exercises or the use of compression stockings, in patients who are confined to bed or have limited mobility.

The other complications associated with prolonged immobility, such as pressure ulcers, pneumonia, and muscle atrophy, are also significant but do not specifically address the vascular complications like DVT does. Each of these complications can arise due to immobility but DVT specifically highlights the critical vascular risk.