What is the correct technique for performing hand hygiene?

The correct technique for performing hand hygiene is to wash hands with soap and water or use hand sanitizer for at least 20 seconds. This method effectively removes dirt, germs, and pathogens from the hands, significantly reducing the risk of infection. Washing hands with soap and water is particularly important when hands are visibly soiled or after certain activities, such as using the restroom or handling food.

Using hand sanitizer is a powerful alternative when soap and water are not available, provided that the sanitizer contains at least 60% alcohol. The requirement of at least 20 seconds is based on research showing that this duration is critical for ensuring that the surfaces of the hands are thoroughly cleaned, allowing the soap or sanitizer enough time to effectively kill most germs.

Other methods, such as brief rinsing under running water or using alcohol wipes alone, do not provide the thorough cleansing necessary to ensure effective hand hygiene. Applying lotion after washing hands can help moisturize the skin, but it does not contribute to the cleaning process or serve as a substitute for proper hand washing.